- The chances of members of the wider population being selected for the sample are KNOWN.
- Every member of the population has an equal chance of being included in the sample.
- The chances of members of the wider population being selected for the sample are UNKNOWN.
- Some members of the population will be included and others excluded
=> Every member of the population does NOT have an equal chance of being included in the sample. The researcher selects a particular section of the population for inclusion.