Instrumental case study is a grammatical case which use to indicate that a noun is the instrument or means by or with which the subject achieves or accomplishes an action. The noun may be either a physical object or an abstract concept.

It develops conceptual categories inductively in order to examine initial assumption. The researcher aims to interpret the data by developing conceptual categories, supporting or challenging the assumptions made regarding them.

An intrinsic case study is the study of a case (e.g., person, specific group, occupation, department, organization) where the case itself is of primary interest in the exploration. The exploration is driven by a desire to know more about the uniqueness of the case rather than to build theory or how the case represents other cases.